A Brief History of the African Country of Kenya

Fossils found in East Africa suggest that protohumans roamed the area more than 20 million years ago. Recent finds near Kenyas Lake Turkana indicate that hominids lived in  the area  2.6 million years ago. Cushitic-speaking people from northern Africa moved into the area that is now Kenya beginning around 2000 BC. Arab traders began frequenting the Kenya coast around the first century AD. Kenyas proximity to the Arabian Peninsula invited colonization, and Arab and Persian settlements sprouted along the coast by the eighth century. During the first millennium AD, Nilotic and Bantu peoples moved into the region, and the latter now comprises three-quarters of Kenyas population. The Europeans Arrive The Swahili language, a mixture of Bantu and Arabic, developed as a lingua franca for trade between the different peoples. Arab dominance on the coast was eclipsed by the arrival in 1498 of the Portuguese, who gave way in turn to Islamic control under the Imam of Oman in the 1600s. The United Kingdom established its influence in the 19th century. The colonial history of Kenya dates from the Berlin Conference of 1885 when the European powers first partitioned East Africa into spheres of influence. In 1895, the U.K. Government established the East African Protectorate and, soon after, opened the fertile highlands to white settlers. The settlers were allowed a voice in government even before it was officially made a U.K. colony in 1920, but Africans were prohibited from direct political participation until 1944. The Mau Mau  Resist Colonialism From October 1952 to December 1959, Kenya was under a state of emergency arising from the Mau Mau rebellion against British colonial rule. During this period, African participation in the political process increased rapidly. Kenya Achieves Independence The first direct elections for Africans to the Legislative Council took place in 1957. Kenya became independent on December 12, 1963, and the next year joined the Commonwealth. Jomo Kenyatta, a member of the large Kikuyu ethnic group and head of the Kenya African National Union (KANU), became Kenyas first President. The minority party, Kenya African Democratic Union (KADU), representing a coalition of small ethnic groups, dissolved itself voluntarily in 1964 and joined KANU. The Road to Kenyattas One-Party State A small but significant leftist opposition party, the Kenya Peoples Union (KPU), was formed in 1966, led by Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, a former Vice President, and Luo elder. The KPU was banned shortly after and its leader detained. No new opposition parties were formed after 1969, and KANU became the sole political party. At Kenyattas death in August 1978, Vice President Daniel Arap Moi became President. A New Democracy in Kenya In June 1982, the National Assembly amended the constitution, making Kenya officially a one-party state, and parliamentary elections were held in September 1983. The 1988 elections reinforced the one-party system. However, in December 1991, Parliament repealed the one-party section of the constitution. By early 1992, several new parties had formed, and multiparty elections were held in December 1992. Because of divisions in the opposition, however, Moi was reelected for another 5-year term, and his KANU party retained a majority of the legislature. Parliamentary reforms in November 1997 expanded political rights, and the number of political parties grew rapidly. Again because of a divided opposition, Moi won re-election as President in the December 1997 elections. KANU won 113 out of 222 parliamentary seats, but, because of defections, had to depend on the support of minor parties to forge a working majority.In October 2002, a coalition of opposition parties joined forces with a fact ion which broke away from KANU to form the National Rainbow Coalition (NARC). In December 2002, the NARC candidate, Mwai Kibaki, was elected the country’s third President. President Kibaki received 62% of the vote, and NARC also won 59% of the parliamentary seats. Source US Department of State Background Notes.

Foods Connection Individual and Cultural Identity Essay

Sleep, sex, and food are the three most important aspect of a human life. Each of them represents resting, reproducing, and surviving – essential elements that form the foundation of human culture and society. The status of these elements always represents the social stature and cultural ideology, of the desire or dislike of people. Some standards are universal, while some are uniquely formed through generations of different cultural traditions. Food in this case might be the most simple and yet the hardest ideology of desire for anthropologists to catch. Its meaning is never as plain as a recipe of a cooking book, but always attached with the cultural and psychological ideology that is connected with individual and cultural identities.†¦show more content†¦Rozin used the example of food allergy in this case: people who are allergic toward shrimp may not prefer shrimp in their dinner, and yet like the taste of shrimp. When they are introducing to anti-allergic medicin e of shrimp, they now have this food option available and actively choose to eat (Rozin, P. 1987. P.186). In this case shrimp is regarded as a food type that represent dangerous, and when the danger of the food is removed, it will become edible again. Same theory can be found on the case of globefish easting. On the other hand, while the avoidance of food usually comes with rational reasons, Rozin believes that the liking of food is more complicated and difficult to find regular motivation. He used a typical example of chili pepper to explain the complexity of food liking: a food category that contains criteria of avoidance such as mouth pain and irritant spicy taste (1987. P.190). Indeed there are numbers of physical benefits of chili consuming, but the psychological motivation is more decisive in this case. With enough amount of exposure to chili, Rozin argued that the aversion of spicy taste will turn into a seeking of thrill, â€Å"in the same sense that the initial terror of a rollercoaster ride or parachute jumping is replaced by pleasure† (1987. P.191). On the other hand, the mouth pain caused by chili consumingShow MoreRelatedFood, In Itself, Is A Social Concept, A Perception Of An1721 Words   |  7 PagesFood, in itself, is a social concept, a perception of an idea that is constructed through cultural and social practice. Food is constructed through cultural practice, defined by its particular usage and representation among particular ethnic and cultural groups. Therefore, food’s significance is much more than simply satiating hunger. Take religious restrictions on pork, for example. What reason caused Islam’s belief in the pig as haram, considering it is eaten by the vast majority of the world?Read MoreThe Relationship Between Food, And Culture1433 Words   |  6 Pagesabout them. Their food choices of individuals and groups, can reveal their ideals, likes and dislikes. Food choices tell the stories of where people have travel led and who they have met along the way. You are what you eat, is a common phrase characterizing the idea of food and identity. Several questions that discuss the notion of using food as a cultural clue will be addressed, such as: What do food choices represent? How do food choices represent cultural identity? Is it important to recognize theRead MoreThis project examines the construction of subjectivity in Eleanor Antin’s Carving: A Traditional2700 Words   |  11 Pagesfeminine and food. Instead, it locates these practices as a site of complex and, at times, resistant subjectivities. At the heart of my reading is recent sociological and anthropological theories on food’s role in the construction and signification of the subject and its relationship to the social and cultural order. 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A Study Of The Life And Career Of Lord Alfred Tennyson...

A Study Of The Life And Career Of Lord Alfred Tennyson And Selected Criticism Of His Works nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Whether a person likes or dislikes the works of Lord Alfred Tennyson, most would agree that he was one of the most influential writers of his time period. Tennyson grew up in a wealthy family never wanting for anything. English author often regarded as the chief representative of the Victorian age in poetry. Tennyson succeeded Wordsworth as Poet Laureate in 1850; he was appointed by Queen Victoria and served 42 years. Tennysons works were melancholic, and reflected the moral and intellectual values of his time, which made them especially vulnerable for later critic. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Alfred, Lord†¦show more content†¦Tennysons life was then uneventful. In London he was a regular guest of the literary and artistic salon of Mrs Prinsep at Little Holland House. During these later years he produced some of his best poems. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Among Tennysons major poetic achievements is the elegy mourning the death of his friend Arthur Hallam, In Memoriam (1850). The personal sorrow led the poet to explore his thoughts on faith, immortality, and the meaning of loss: quot;O life as futile, then, as frail! / O for thy voice to soothe and bless! / What hope of answer, or redress? / Behind the veil, behind the veil.quot; Among its other passages is a symbolic voyage ending in a vision of Hallam as the poets muse. Some critics have seen in the work ideas, that anticipated Darwins theory of natural selection. quot;Who trusted God was love indeed / And love Creations final law - / Tho Nature, red in tooth and claw / With ravine, shriekd against his creed - quot;, the poet wrote. He was born in the same year as Darwin, but his view about natural history, however, was based on catastrophe theory, not evolution. The patriotic poem Charge of the Light Brigade, published in MAUD (1855), is one of Tennysons best known works, although first Maud was found obscure or morbid by critics ranging from George Eliot to Gladstone. Later the poem about the Light Brigade inspired Michael Curtizs film from 1936,Show MoreRelatedA Study of the Life and Career of Lord Alfred Tennyson and Selected Cr1790 Words   |  8 PagesA Study Of The Life And Career Of Lord Alfred Tennyson And Selected Criticism Of His Works Whether a person likes or dislikes the works of Lord Alfred Tennyson, most would agree that he was one of the most influential writers of his time period. Tennyson grew up in a wealthy family never wanting for anything. English author often regarded as the chief representative of the Victorian age in poetry. Tennyson succeeded Wordsworth as Poet Laureate in 1850; he was appointed by Queen Victoria andRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY

Humble Debut Albums and Job free essay sample

How did you get your first Job? Today I will be writing you about my journey and my first day on the Job at Alienate. Now almost a year later I am writing this essay on my Journey on how I got a Job at Alienate. Many people will tell you I Just turned an application, and I got hired. Not a lot would tell you the Journey and the hardships of finding a Job. It was a very spontaneous moment, a very Intense Walt and an exciting first day at the Job. So It was July of 2013, I was unemployed for about two months. I got tired of irking at McDonalds and making very little money. I wanted something new and something that will pay me better so I can pay my way thru college. But at that point any job would have been better than being unemployed. It was kind unexpected, I Just kind stumbled upon on. We will write a custom essay sample on Humble: Debut Albums and Job or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My mom and I was at Leant eating at the buffet. After we decided to see if there Is any openings. So we went to the employment center and thats where I met this lady named Alma she was a very helpful person and was part of the reason I got the job. I turned in the application in didnt think anything about it. So I just let it be and didnt think anything about it. Shortly after, I say about a week or so I can get this call from an unknown number. To my surprise it was Alma and she told me to come in for an interview a week later. I was very happy I had a lot of emotion going threw me. Usually when I used to turn an app, nothing really happened but I got this panel interview. A week passed by and and before I knew I was in this panel interview. Basically the panel interview for me as a room full of people, which they have to introduce your self and and answer interview questions. There was a group of people Judging us, grading our performances, and our answers. Luckily they liked me and I passed the panel interview. To my surprise I had another interview, this interview was with my future boss. Alma told me that interview was in another week. The day came I passed that interview with breeze I was kind nervous. So I passed that interview and my boss Jessie told me to go to HER to get started. Her then told me I had to go threw aground check and drug testing. At that point I was Just ready to go to work. So another two weeks pass by and finally, finally I can start making some money. Overall It was a good month till I had my first day at my Job. Finally the day came, first day on the Job. First It was the orientation, they explained how everything works at a casino. Things you can and cannot do and so on. So the next day is when you officially started. My Job Is fairly easy, Im a kitchen worker so basically they showed me what to do around the kitchen help the cooks out.Operate the dishwasher, make sure everything Is nice and clean. The first day I got lost, behind the shimmer and glamour there are hall ways where leads to restaurants and offices and so on. But Its Like a maze If you dont know your way around It you will get lost. Thats what happened to me, but thankfully this old lady showed me the way around. Which I was thankful because I was almost going to be is when I got there it was and it still is Just a Job nothing special. The only difference is that I will be making a fair amount of money compared to McDonalds.But with this job I can move around learn new things. And luckily for me they like giving chances to people that are fairly new to the field. In conclusion the Journey was long, the wait was eating me alive, and the first day was Just a first day. Now a year later I told you about my little Journey. The Job grew on me and I made lots of new friends. From its humble beginning to finding out there really isnt much to it, it Just pays better than most Jobs. I see alienate as a starting point to my career this little Job is Just a humble beginning in my career.